Rhetorical Analysis Of The Superhero Essay - 1730 Words

Rhetorical Superheroes may be all around the world, but if you take a deeper look at all of them, some might stand out as a little more â€Å"super† to you. When I think about Rhetorical Superheroes, there is one off the top of my head that is important to me. His name is Jason Ren and he is currently a student at Harvard University. He was someone who made an impact in the community I group up in through powerful language expressed by his actions volunteering and helping others. I was fortunate enough to know Jason personally as he was a good friend of mine who I played soccer with for many years. We would hang out a lot and have shared many good memories with each other. The most memorable example of his powerful language in our community was when he created a non-profit organization to help kids with tutoring for the ACT. It was not until one day after a soccer practice of ours, that I had found out that he had created this organization. A couple of friends and I had asked Jason if he wanted to hang out after practice, and he told us that he couldn’t because he was scheduled to help some kids with tutoring later that night. After asking him what this was about, he ended up explaining to us what he was doing and how he created this organization for kids. We all thought it was cool and then continued with what we were doing. A couple of days later, when I was in school, we were reminded of the ACT that was coming up near the end of the year that we were going to haveShow MoreRelatedRhetorical Analysis: Why I Love Shoplifting from Big Corporations?1114 Words   |  4 Pages Why I Love Shoplifting From Big Corporations: Rhetorical analysis The essay title Why I Love Shoplifting is designed to immediately shock the reader. The essays full title Why I Love Shoplifting From Big Corporations hints at the authors larger social critique of American capitalism. The author complains that she lives as a wage slave, forced to work most of her life to pay for basic necessities while large companies make huge profits off of her labor. When she pays for something, sheRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Why Are All The Cartoon Mothers Dead?1477 Words   |  6 PagesRhetorical Analysis: â€Å"Why Are All the Cartoon Mothers’ Dead?† For many Disney stories, as noted by Carolyn Dever, character development begins in the space of the missing mother. The reason behind why the death of mothers is beneficial to character development, may be an unknown fixture of fiction so deeply embedded into the animation world that it has become somewhat of a mystery. In the article ‘Why Are All The Cartoon Mothers Dead’, Sarah boxer makes the claim that patriarchy and misogyny areRead MoreEssay On Phantom Comics1882 Words   |  8 Pages†¢ REPRESENTATION OF THE ‘OTHERS’ IN PHANTOM COMICS AND ITS EFFECT ON CHILDREN Phantom, a very popular comics superhero is adapted in various forms of media including, television, movies and videogames. Media features a crime fighter in peculiar costumes operating not only in the deep woods of Africa but also in the urbanscapes wherever crime looms large. The Phantom series first came out in the daily newspaper strips on seventeenth February, 1936, was followed by a colour strip which came out onRead MoreEveryday Nightmare: the Rhetoric of Social Horror in the Nightmare on Elm Street Series6614 Words   |  27 PagesWest, conservatives and liberals, and so on), and the dynamic between them, with its checks and imbalances, constitutes a larger cultural dialogue, creating the rhetorical architecture upon which culture is built. This rhetorical structure is also evident in all cultural artifacts, including horror movies. The premise that guides this analysis is that the ideological plot of the Nightmare movies operates on two levels: one concerns humanity against a monster, while the second, more important

Essay about Teach Everychild About Food by Jamie Oliver

According to passionate chefs, America is at its â€Å"tipping point.† (Oliver, 2010, para 8) Over the past few decades food has took a drastic plunge towards unknown ingredients and chemicals. Most of society would agree that children are the future but surprising statistics make that hard to believe; they cannot become the future if they are being fed to death. Jamie Oliver and Ann Cooper are two of many chefs who are working hard to educate people about real food. Lectures given by each of them send the overall message that the future of humanity is within the food we are eating. Jamie Oliver’s lecture, â€Å"Teach every child about food† from 2010, opens up with the scary truth that Americans are putting upon themselves: â€Å"Diet-related disease†¦show more content†¦Many people are trying to freshen up schools in their areas but are unable to pass the revolution along to other schools due to lack of financial support. â€Å"We need to recognize the experts and the angels quickly, identify them, and allow them to easily find the resource to keep rolling out what theyre already doing, and doing well.† (Oliver, 2010, para 31) Schools are currently spending less about $500 a year on school food. In case that statistic is not sickening enough the additional information is given: an average of $3500 a year is spent on keeping a prisoner in jail. Throughout Cooper’s speech she pours out statistics on how money is being spent poorly. For example, â€Å"one gourmet coffee, one, is more †¦ than we are spending to feed kids for an entire week in our schools,† Cooper refers to a Starbucks coffee as a financial comparison. Contributing to the figures given by Oliver, $8 billion is being used to feed 30 million children every year; Cooper explains how that amount needs to double in order for children to receive real food at school. Out of all of the data that Cooper shares with the crowd the most intriguing is that only $50 billion is spent on vegetables a year. While that may sound like a lot, listeners learn that $200 billion is spent on diet related illness, $100 billion is spent on diet aids, and $110 billion is spent on fast food. Fast

Integrated Market Strategic Communications -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Integrated Market Strategic Communications? Answer: Introducation Analysis on the target market aims at establishing if the Mermaid Hotels and Resort should open a new property at Lombok Islands. The focus is to expand the firms operations and avail services to potential customers in the region. Specifically, Mermaid hotels and resorts targets at expanding its operations to South East Asia in the future (Chaffey Ellis, 2016). Aimed at achieving the goal, the organization has created awareness and built a positive image for its products to impress potential customers. Apart from attaining booking targets, the company has worked to improve its reputation. This ensures that the firms operations are a success. Opening a new hotel at Lombok Island exposes the firm to many potential customers. The target market is Singapore. The Singapore state is viewed as among the primary market generators (Ferrell Hartline, 2012). Among the tourists who visit Lombok Island are targeted to have originated from this country. The secondary market for the Mermaid Resorts and Hotels in Indonesia are travellers from South Korea, Malaysia, and New Zealand. The firm plans to register up to 35,000 bookings within the first year of operation. The figure is generated from the equation of 10,000 reservations at the end of the year with an estimated stay period of 3.5 nights (Fifield, 2012). The principal target audience is tourists from Singapore. However, the secondary audiences are the tourist from South Korea, Malaysia, and New Zealand. The promotional focus in the first year will be on a three generating market pairings. These pairings are Japan and South Korea, Singapore and Malaysia, and Australia and New Zealand. In the year 2016, an estimated 12.02 Million travellers visited Indonesia. This was approximate of 15.55 increase from 2015. In 2015, an estimated 9.73 million tourists made a trip to Indonesia (Fill, 2013). The visitors stayed in the hotels for a period of about 7.5 nights, and their spending was averaged at $1,142. From 2000-2016, Singapore is the leading state whose citizens make most trips to Indonesia. It is followed by Malaysia, Australia, Japan, and South Korea. According to Singapore national tourism organization, in November 2017 1,547,000 Singapore citizens made visits abroad (Hall Page, 2012). This was an increase from the previous month by 4.6%. Out of 1 1,547,700 visits abroad, 130,168 were visits to Indonesia. Around 59% of all visitors to Indonesia travel for holidays while only 39% make business trips. This shows that Singapore is a brilliant market target. Tourists aged sixty-five years and above are accounted for more than one in five tourism nights for private purposes (Hampton Jeyacheya, 2015). Individuals aged fifty-five and above are accounted for 39% of tourism nights for private reasons. This was 2% above persons aged 15 years and above whose private nights ranged from 37%. According to World Economic Forum survey, Singapore had a travel and tourism competitiveness index score rating of 4.2 in 2017. The country was ranked forty seconds among 136 nations. This shows that Singapore is a brilliant market target. From the collected data, it is evident that Lombok Island is at a higher chance of getting customers from Singapore. A high number of Singapore citizens make a trip to Indonesia. Hence, the hotel will be required to customize its products to cater for clients from other countries. By ensuring this is met, the tourist industry is expected to grow. As a result, this will account for increased booking to Mermaid Hotels and Resort (Naeem, Bilal Naz, 2013). Singapore is estimated to have a population growth estimate of 6.9 million by 2030. The targeted population increase would translate to increase the number of tourists who would visit Lombok Island(Naeem, Bilal Naz, 2013). Visiting Lombok Island would make customers visit the Mermaid Hotels and Resort. The rise in population in Singapore favours the hospitality firm. The country as well as a reputation for innovation and high standards of living. It is regarded as the worlds most crypto-friendly nation. It is the worlds most expensive place to live (Morgan, KatsikeasVorhies, 2012). The country has maintained this for the past four years. The luxurious life of Singapore citizens would lead to a considerable number of individuals visiting Lomboks Islands. They visit to either enjoy the scenery or experience hospitality services away from home. Additional, the country has a booming economy which motivates investment from local and international investors. The laundry of Singapores achie vements makes it one of the ideal places to market a business. This would lead to the growth of Mermaid Hotels and Resorts. Primary Research Mermaid Hotels and Resorts provides an analysis of target markets by conducting qualitative research. The research was done using the online platform. Additionally, information was enquired from the countrys public domain regarding tourist levels in the area (Percy, 2014). Cross-analysis of the area where the resort was to be opened was conducted. The purpose of reviewing the area was to identify if the location offered an attraction to tourists and travellers. The research objective was to generate 35,000 bookings within one year. The purpose was to identify the strategy to be put in place to create10,000 bookings with an estimated stay of 3.5 nights. This translates to 35,000 reservations for Lomboks resort in the first year of operation. To determine the likely visitors to the Mermaids Hotels and Resorts, the demographics various nations were evaluated. This includes identifying means of transport used by travellers. As a marketing strategy, possible competitors were determined and evaluated. These hospitality institutions offered similar services to those of Mermaid Hotels. The purpose was to enable it to approach the marketing strategy in a way that made the firm appear better and superior to its rivals (Williams, Lew, 2014). To help in marketing the hospitality firm, Lombok Island was chosen as the best location due to the large number of tourists who visit the area. This would translate to a high number of customers. This tourist attraction scenery has been used as a tool for marketing Mermaids Hotels and Resorts. To ensure that the firm gains competitive advantage and meets customers needs, the following marketing strategies are adopted. First, the company should create a corporate identity for Mermaids Hotels and Resorts. This involves generating logos, business cards, and letterheads and ensure that they are distributed to the public. Brochures and catalogues should also be developed for potential clients. Second, a complete public relations campaign should be designed. This hospitality firm should participate in public functions, create monthly e-newsletters, and develop a crisis communication plan (Yeshin, 2012). This aims at improving public relations. Third, an online marketing plan should be developed. Most of the target customers are from different countries. Coming up with an online marketing plan such as Facebook will enhance customer coverage(Morgan, 2012). Lastly, the firm should develop an advertisement for local and international media. Advertisement space in the media should be made available. This would be used to make announcements pertaining Mermaids Hotels and Resorts. The media helps in delivering information with high impact at the lowest cost per customer reached. To achieve their marketing goals, Mermaid Hotels and Resorts should make use of the following marketing options; first, the company should leverage video content to market the companys content. There is a 90% estimate that most of the internet traffic will be visual by 2017. Hence, the firm should develop creative content to showcase their brand. Second, Mermaid should focus on in-depth content. This can be done by ensuring that their content is experience-oriented. Third, the organization should go for influencer marketing. Inviting influencers to review the companys products and services is an excellent strategy to boost conversion. Lastly, Mermaid Hotels and Resorts should build and sell the experience. Travelling is all about the experience. Individuals talk about the places they visited, what they saw, and how this made them feel(Judisseno, 2015). Mermaid Hotels should create a link to their services and what is offered around their environment. The firm should sell a full packa ge by informing the tourists what is in store for them. This could include nearby attractions. This can be topped with impressive images on accommodation and the surrounding environment. The overall IMC strategy for Mermaids Hotels and Resorts is to expand its operations to other places. Implementation of an IMC plan will result in wide market coverage. The opening of a new Mermaid Hotel and Resort in Lombok Island will attract primary markets from Singapore. According to the analysis, Singapore is an appropriate target market for the Mermaid Hotels and Resorts (Hollensen, 2015). It is true to say that by opening a new firm at Lombok Islands, the hospitality industry would maximize its outputs and meet its objectives. Mermaids Hotels and Resorts has a positive reputation which would attract tourists from Singapore. The positive reputations include offering quality services to clients and providing luxury accommodation. References Chaffey, D., Ellis-Chadwick, F. (2016).Digital marketing. Pearson. Ferrell, O. C., Hartline, M. (2012).Marketing strategy, text and cases. Nelson Education. Fifield, P. (2012).Marketing strategy. Routledge. Fill, C. (2013). Marketing Communications. Harlow. Hall, C. M., Page, S. (2012).Tourism in south and southeast Asia. Routledge. Hampton, M. P., Jeyacheya, J. (2015). Power, ownership and tourism in small islands: evidence from Indonesia.World Development,70, 481-495. Hollensen, S. (2015).Marketing management: A relationship approach. Pearson Education. Judisseno, R. K. (2015).Destination Strategies in Tourist Development in Indonesia, 19452014: Problems of Bali Centredness(Doctoral dissertation, Victoria University). Morgan, N. A. (2012). Marketing and business performance.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,40(1), 102-119. Morgan, N. A., Katsikeas, C. S., Vorhies, D. W. (2012). Export marketing strategy implementation, export marketing capabilities, and export venture performance.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,40(2), 271-289. Naeem, B., Bilal, M., Naz, U. (2013). Integrated marketing communication: a review paper.Interdisciplinary journal of contemporary research in business,5(5), 124-133. Percy, L. (2014).Strategic integrated marketing communications. Routledge. Williams, S., Lew, A. A. (2014).Tourism geography: critical understandings of place, space and experience. Routledge. Yeshin, T. (2012).Integrated marketing communications. Routledge.

Managing Across the Globe

Management across the globe is a new management strategy in which an individual oversees the running of global projects. Taking into account the geographical challenge posed by this management system, managers of such projects need to be excellent coordinators.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Managing Across the Globe specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More A number of aspects ought to be seriously considered if this management approach has to be successful. The cardinal factor is trust. The senior management has to cultivate a culture of mutual trust among the globally distributed teams. Teams can be productive only if they have the assurance that they are equal partners in the ongoing project and that their contribution is valued. Building trust among team members enhances reliability, efficiency and effectiveness of the teams. According to the text, there are several strategies that can be adopted in management of pr ojects across the globe. As a manager, there is need to have a solid grasp of all these strategies and how they can be put to proper use (Certo Trevis, 2009). Clear understanding of project systems makes the manager better placed to monitor project progress with regard to the schedule. Another important factor in managing across the globe is clarification of the meaning of every handoff (Rothman, 2005). The implication is that every schedule that is created for a global project must be accompanied by an appropriate milestone criterion together with the milestones. Additionally, it is important for managers engaged in management of projects and people across the globe to make verification of all completed tasks. This aids in assessing the working pace and make recommendations for further considerations and closure of the project (Rothman, 2005). Managers can achieve this through talking to their team members across the globe to attain an agreement over a particular criterion. It is also vital that global managers train their team members to periodically submit information concerning the state of their projects from time to time in order to enable the manager monitor the projects and stay informed (Certo Trevis, 2009).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Though this management strategy currently appears to be the most popular approach to running multinational projects, it is characterized by a cohort of challenges. It is not easy to manage projects and people across the globe due to associated demands and challenges. However, leaders confronted with such a responsibility need to stay bold and apply the above tactics and other management skills for the general success of the assigned projects (Rothman, 2005). Case: Managing the global arena (Wal-Mart) Being an ambitious scholar with intentions of becoming a global leader, I look forward to getting involved in global (international) management at some point in my career. I envisage starting a business organization and locating various branches around the world. With this in place, I will be able to involve myself in international management of the business organization to ensure that success is attained. In management of a Wal-Mart store in Japan, the most difficult challenge in attainment of success will be creating a work place characterized by team work spirit, good communication and highly motivated workforce. This is because attainment of such characteristics requires exercise of effective management skills and willingness to compromise (Certo Trevis, 2009). The statement implies that good management skills can be learned and mastered by any interested person. Effective management skills can therefore be acquired through collaborations and staff exchange programs with competitor organizations. References Certo, S., Trevis, C. (2009). Modern Management: Concepts and Skills. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall. Rothman, J. (2005). Tips for managing across the globe. Business Management Journal, 2(6), 78-83. This essay on Managing Across the Globe was written and submitted by user Piper Ayala to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Cal Thomas

Critical Review: Cal Thomas & Ed Dobson â€Å"Blinded by Night† I found the article by Cal Thomas and Ed Dobson to be the most upfront and honest piece of work that I have read from the religious right in this class. When compared to the article written by Falwell I find this article to be better written with less political and religious spin. I find the article so effective in part because of the way it was composed. They gave you the view of the Moral Majority in 1980. It was an organization bursting with excitement, enthusiasm, and expectations. With the election of President Reagan the sky was supposed to be the limit for the moral majority. It was supposed to be only a matter of time before the country under went massive changes for the better. Fast forward twenty years and you see that very little of what the moral majority intended to accomplish was ever achieved. The authors hold the belief that top down activism cannot and will not work. This is a different point of view than most religious conservatives hold. In this respect I find that they are ahead of their counterparts such as Falwell in recognizing the mistakes that were made in the past. Instead they say that you must begin by fixing things from the bottom and working your way up. This article held more weight with me because the authors acknowledged the inefficiencies that existed in the moral majority and continue to exist in organizations such as the Christian Coalition. For members of the moral majority it was a sad reality that when they said, â€Å"With a few pen strokes, Bill Clinton erased the little Moral Majority had been able to achieve during its brief existence.† I believe the overriding argument being made throughout the article is best summed up in the last line, â€Å"The tragedy was not the failure to succeed, but the waste of spiritual energy that would have been better spent on strategies and methods more likely to succeed than the ... Free Essays on Cal Thomas Free Essays on Cal Thomas Critical Review: Cal Thomas & Ed Dobson â€Å"Blinded by Night† I found the article by Cal Thomas and Ed Dobson to be the most upfront and honest piece of work that I have read from the religious right in this class. When compared to the article written by Falwell I find this article to be better written with less political and religious spin. I find the article so effective in part because of the way it was composed. They gave you the view of the Moral Majority in 1980. It was an organization bursting with excitement, enthusiasm, and expectations. With the election of President Reagan the sky was supposed to be the limit for the moral majority. It was supposed to be only a matter of time before the country under went massive changes for the better. Fast forward twenty years and you see that very little of what the moral majority intended to accomplish was ever achieved. The authors hold the belief that top down activism cannot and will not work. This is a different point of view than most religious conservatives hold. In this respect I find that they are ahead of their counterparts such as Falwell in recognizing the mistakes that were made in the past. Instead they say that you must begin by fixing things from the bottom and working your way up. This article held more weight with me because the authors acknowledged the inefficiencies that existed in the moral majority and continue to exist in organizations such as the Christian Coalition. For members of the moral majority it was a sad reality that when they said, â€Å"With a few pen strokes, Bill Clinton erased the little Moral Majority had been able to achieve during its brief existence.† I believe the overriding argument being made throughout the article is best summed up in the last line, â€Å"The tragedy was not the failure to succeed, but the waste of spiritual energy that would have been better spent on strategies and methods more likely to succeed than the ...

Understanding of how Linux was originated The WritePass Journal

Understanding of how Linux was originated Understanding of how Linux was originated INTRODUDCTIONABSTRACTUNIXLINUS AND LINUXHow Linux was developedHow Linux was diffused.Where the Original funding did came from?What happened about the IPR? Was the innovation patented?Why is Linux Successful?Effects of Linux on the MarketThe Effect of Linux on the Society.ConclusionABSTRACTRelated INTRODUDCTION Linux, the flagship of open source software (OOS) (Applewhite, 2003), has been reported to be the significant force that has strengthened some developing countries in the technology map.(Wilburn 1997; UNCTAD 2002). It is said to be the backbone for accelerating the growth of low income countries’ IT industries and it intend to increase their tendency to innovate. The main aim of   this paper is to gain an understanding of how Linux was originated. How it diffused from   the innovator to its current position on the S curve. We attempt to achieve this by assessing its market share and the circumstances that lead to its success. ABSTRACT Linux is an operating system that originated from Unix operating system. This paper analyzes how it came about, how it was developed and diffused. It also emphasizes on the position of the innovation on the S curve, how successful the product was, its effects on the market and on the society. UNIX In order to understand the popularity of Linux, we need to travel back to 30years ago when computer use to be as big as a rock or a football stadium. While the size of those computers was a problem, one thing made it even worse. Every computer has to run on a specific operating system. Being able to work with one system does not guarantee you could work with another. Therefore, it was difficult both for the users and the system administrators. Technologically the world was not that advanced, so they had to cope with the size of the computer for another decade. In 1969, a team of developers in Bell Lab laboratories started working on solution to software problems and they developed new operating system which was (Machtelt Garrrels, 2008) simple and elegant Written in the C programming language instead of in assembly code Able to recycle code. The Bell Labs developers named their project â€Å"UNIX†. The code recycling features were important. Until then, all computers were written on a special code developed for one system. Unix on the other hand needed only a small part of that special code, which is now commonly named the Kernel. (Machtelt Garrels, 2008). The operating system and all other functions were built around this kernel and written in a higher programming language, C. This language was specifically created for the UNIX system.   Using this technique, it was easier to develop an operating system that run on many different type of hardware. LINUS AND LINUX By the beginning of the 90s home PC were powerful to run on full blown UNIX (M. Tim Jones, 2005) Linus Torvalds, a computer science student at the University of Helsinki in Finland thought it would be a nice idea to have a sort of freely available academic version of UNIX, and so, he started to code.   He started by developing device drivers and hard-drive access, and by September he had a basic design he called Version 0.01 (Ramesh Bangia at el, 2007). This Kernel which is called Linux was combined with the GNU system to produce a complete free operating system. Torvalds released an open source code for linux, which allow anyone to access and modify the source code at no cost (Sander Van Vugt, 2009). As a result, anyone who has the knowledge of linux can modify and change the system. Linux became most popular operating system because of its free source distribution and compatibility with other hardwares (Vijay Shekhar, 2006). How Linux was developed (Nicholas Wells, 2003) On January 5, 1992, Linux Version 0.12 was released, an improved, stable kernel. Then another Version 0.95 was released to reflect the fact that it was becoming the full-featured system. After that, Linux became an underground fact with a growing group of distributed programmers that develop and enhance the source code baseline to this day. Torvalds released Version 0.11 under a freeware license of his own plan, but then released Version 0.12 under the well established GNU General Public License and more software was created for Linux over the next couple of years (Richard L. Petersen, 2005). Linux continued to improve in the 90s and started to be used in large-scale application like networking, database serving and proving ready for production use (Richard Petersen, 2008). Version 2.2 which is a major update of Linux Kernel was released in 1999. In 2000, most computer companies supported Linux in one way or the other, recognizing a common standard that could finally reunify the fractured world of the Unix wars (Micheal H. Jang, 2003). The next major release was Version 2.4 in January 2001, which provides compatibility with upcoming generations of Intel’s 64-Bit Itanium processor computers (Micheal H. Jang, 2006). How Linux was diffused. The diffusion of an innovation is seen as a social process where the innovative idea or product is adopted as a result of the existence of different types of adopter categories (Owen, 1991). Sheth (1998) posited that the fundamental factors that, which influence the propensity to resist or adopt an innovation, are, the perceived risks associated with adopting the innovation, and the level of habit change in adopting the innovation. In reviewing the diffusion of Linux, diffusion occurred when the perceived financial and performance risks, and the changes in habit that were required to use the product were apparently low and free to a large population of consumers. Linux has a very low total cost of ownership (TCO). A survey conducted in the U.S., Brazil, France, Germany, Sweden and Japan, for instance indicated that 50% of the respondents perceived Linux having a lower TCO (N Kshetri, 2005) Consider the initial investment. The price of Microsoft’s entry-level operating system was  £50 in 2002. Taking  £300 as the average price of a PC, it amounts to 15% of the total cost of a PC. Linux, on the other hand can be freely downloaded or purchased with a nominal distribution fee. Linux’s cost saving potential is more appealing to users from developing countries. PCs with Linux as the operating system are, more attractive in developing countries. For instance, LG Electronics, the South Korean multinational sells Linux-based desktop in India at prices lower than brands using commercial operating systems (N Kshetri, 2005). Linux was easily diffused from the stage of innovators through the segments that eventually make up the majority of adopters because of its free and open source operating system. Users and developers of Linux can easily access and modify the source code at no cost. Another key factor that accelerates the diffusion of Linux is its ability to run on old machines. (Gray 2000) Linux can even run on 486 chips machine unlike Microsoft Windows XP Professional that requires a minimum of 233 MHz processor and 64 MB of RAM. This advantage of Linux is more important for users in developing countries. In many cities and regions, local associations known as the Linux User Groups (LUGs) helps to diffuse this free software. They hold meetings and provide free demonstrations, training, technical support and operating system installation to new users. (Erricos John, et al 2002) stated that the adoption of Linux was due to the social network composed of innovators, early adopters, early majority†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦and diffusion in this case could be social backbone that lowers the risk of using this innovation.   The rate of diffusion has risen from the innovators to the late majority as shown in the diffusion curve. (See fig 1). Where the Original funding did came from? After the release of Linux by Linus Torvalds, the source code was made available on the internet for anyone who wants to develop the software. The innovator neither forms a spin out company nor sells the idea. The source code was made available on the internet and developers started developing new versions of Linux. What happened about the IPR? Was the innovation patented? Linux was developed as a cooperative Open Source effort over the internet. So no company or institution has control over it. Most Linux software is developed as Open Source software. This means that the source code is freely distributed along with the application (Richard Petersen, 2007). Programmers over the internet contribute to a software package development by modifying and correcting the source code. Linux is an open source operating system. Its source code is included in all distribution and is freely available on the internet (Aries Technology Inc, 2003-2007). There are other major software projects that are open source, for instance KDE and GNOME. The Netscape Communicator Web browser package has also become open source, with its source code freely available on internet (Neil Smyth, 2010). Open source software is protected by public licenses. These prevent commercial companies from taking control of open source software by adding a few modifications, copyrighting those changes and selling the software as their own product. The most popular public license is the GNU General Public License provided by the free software foundation. This is the license that Linux is distributed under (Dr Mukesh Dhunna et al, 2010). The GNU General Public License retains the copyright, freely licensing the software with the note that the software and modification made to it will always be freely available. However, there are other public license created to support different kinds of open source projects, for instance the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) lets commercial application uses GNU licensed software libraries. Linux is currently copyrighted under the GNU public license provided by the free software foundation, and it is often referred to as GNU software. GNU software is distributed free, provided it is freely distributed to others.    Why is Linux Successful? Linus operating system for servers and PCs has really gained ground. It is now pushed by big firms such as IBM, Intel, HP, and Dell and is used by large companies like DaimlerChrysler and Morgan Stanley. It open architecture makes it compatible to run on any computer architecture: in the hand-held ARM-based iPAQ and the mainframe IBM system z9, system z10, in devices ranging from mobile phones to supercomputers (Graham Glass et al, 2005). The cost of production is relatively low, because it can be downloaded off the web for free. Because the source code is widely available on the net, developers all around the world can contribute freely on any development or improvement of the programme. This represents an investment in time and people than ever a cash-flush giant as Microsoft cannot match. Linux operating system is highly reliable and secured which makes it difficult for worms to attack (desktoplinux.com/news/NS6909870737.html ) However, the real success for Linux came from its backing from the major computer manufacturers, who want to use it as a competitive tool against Microsoft (Eric Viardot, 2004 ). For instance, Linux got a big boost when Intel unfastened its close association with Microsoft and started producing chips for Linux. Such backing is seen as a commitment to the long-term of this operating software by major corporations, which desperately needed freedom from the Microsoft monopoly. Effects of Linux on the Market The Linux market is growing rapidly, and the revenue of servers, desktops and packaged software running Linux was expected to go beyond  £22.2 billion in 2008. A report from IDC’s Q1 2007 financial report shows that Linux held a total of 12.7% of the overall sever market at that time (IDC Q1 2007 report). However, this estimate is based on the number of servers sold by various companies, and did not include server hardware purchased separately which had Linux installed on it later. In September 2008, Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer acknowledged that 60% of web servers run Linux versus 40% that run windows server (Nicholai James, 2008). Primarily based on web server statistics, most companies estimated that the market share of Linux range from less than 1% to 4.8%. In comparison, Microsoft operating system hold more than 85% (Beer Stan, 2007). The emerge of Linux did not kill its competitors (Microsoft, Mac Operating System) rather it encourages innovation in the technological industry. â€Å"In the second half of 2003, linux sales in the Chinese PC market exceed 800,000 copies. Similarly, in November 2003, Sun announced a deal to sell 200 million copies of Linux-based Java desktop to the Chinese government to be use throughout the country. China’s Linux market grew by 27.1% in 2005 and the Chinese research IT firm predicted an annual growth rate of 49.3% from 2005-2009 for the Chinese Linux server software market† (N Kshetri, 2007). Linux has also made huge success in the film industry. Titanic was the first major film produced on Linux server in 1997. Since then, major studios including Dreamworks Animation, Pixar, Weta Digital, and Industrial Light Magic have migrated to Linux. According to the Linux Movies Group, more than 95% of the servers and desktops at large animation and visual effects companies use Linux (linuxmovies.org/). The Effect of Linux on the Society. Linux created a lasting impact in the technological industries. Linux has been the primary source of technological innovations originated for and used in developing countries (N Kshetri, 2007). For instance, Encore software of India has design a handheld internet appliance, Simputer, based on Linux. At a cost of below  £150, Simputer provides internet and email access in local languages; micro banking applications; speech recognition and text-to-speech conversion. Computador Popular (Popular Computers) in Brazil that costs less than  £200 runs Linux. Computador is an internet appliance without a floppy or a hard disk and features many attributes in a moderately-price PC (N Kshetri, 2007). Consumers can also buy inexpensive hard disk and other accessories. Due to its low cost of ownership and open source operating system available, it has help users mostly in the developing countries to lay hand on a computer of their own and create room for developers to be more creative. Conclusion The development of Linux came at the right time. The innovation resulted from a need pull. Before the invention of Linux operating system, every computer runs on separate operating system which makes it very difficult for developers because they had to write different programs for different operating system. Linus Torvalds wrote the source code for Linux and made it available on the web. The operating system is registered under GNU which made it possible for anyone to improve on it. The low cost of ownership and open source operating system accelerates the diffusion of the innovation. However, due to its availability to run on any other operating system (new/old), it dominated the market share of the technological industries. From my point of view, Linux is highly dominated in Asia and Africa because of its low cost. ABSTRACT Linux is an operating system that originated from Unix operating system. This paper analyzes how it came about, how it was developed and diffused. It also emphasizes on the position of the innovation on the S curve, how successful the product was, its effects on the market and on the society.   INTRODUDCTION Linux, the flagship of open source software (OOS) (Applewhite, 2003), has been reported to be the significant force that has strengthened some developing countries in the technology map.(Wilburn 1997; UNCTAD 2002). It is said to be the backbone for accelerating the growth of low income countries’ IT industries and it intend to increase their tendency to innovate. The main aim of   this paper is to gain an understanding of how Linux was originated. How it diffused from   the innovator to its current position on the S curve. We attempt to achieve this by assessing its market share and the circumstances that lead to its success.       REFERENCES 1  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Machtelt Garrels, 2008. Introduction to Linux, A Hands on Guide. 2  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   M.Tim Jones, 2005. GNU/Linux application Programming. 3  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Ramesh Bangia, Balvir Singh, Ramesh Bangia, 2007. Operating System and Software Diagnostics. 4  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Sander Van Vugt, 2009. Beginning the Linux Command Line. 5  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Vijay Shekhar, 2006. Red Hat Linux- The Complete Bible. 6  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Nicholas Wells, 2003. Guide to Linux installation and administration. 7  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Richard L. Petersen, 2005. Red Hat Enterprise Linux Fedora Core 4 8  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Richard L. Petersen, 2008. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5: Administration Security Desktop. 9  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Micheal H. Jang, 2003. Mastering Red Hat Linux 9. 10  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   N Kshetri, 2005. Diffusion Pattern of Linux: An Assessment on Major Technology Dimensions 11  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Gray F. Douglas, 2000. ‘Low Cost Gives Linux Appeal, Say Supporters at Comdex’, IDG News Service, November 13, idg.net/idgns/2000/11/13/COMDEXLowCostGivesLinux.shtml 12  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Erricos John Kontoghiorghes, Stavros Siokos, 2002. Computational method in decision-making, economics and finance. 13  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Aries Technology Inc, 2003-2007. Aries Linux Essentials. 14  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Neil Smyth, 2010. Ubuntu 10.10 Essentials. 15  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   N Kshetri, 2007. Increasing Returns and the Diffusion of Linux in China. 16  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Dr Mukesh Dhunna, J. B. Dixit, 2010. Information Technology in Business Management. 17  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Graham Glass, King Ables, 2005. Linux for Programmers and Users. 18  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Erick Viardot, 2004. Successful Marketing Strategy for high-tech firms, Volume 5. 19  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   IDC Q1 2007 report. Linux-watch.com2007-05-2009 20  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Nicholai James, 2008. Ballmer Still Searching for an Answer to Google. pcworld.com/businesscenter/article/151568/ballmer_still_searching_for_an_answer_to_google.html 21  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Beer Stan, 2007. Vista to play second fiddle to Xp until 2009 22  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   linuxmovies.org/

Health Administration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

Health Administration - Essay Example After letting go the old habit the change stage comes in, people are then thought to embrace the new habit in their behavior. Finally, when change has taken place freeze stage can be achieved easily as it involves making the change a new habit. For change process to be successful one must understand the reason why change should happen, a motivating factor should be there for it to be realized. Change begins from the unfreezing stage, acceptance to change is very necessary. According to Marquis (157) this stage requires that individuals prepare mentally to receive the new habit and let go the old. We have to feel that there is a need for change so as to embrace change easily. This is usually the most difficult stage to achieve. When individuals get used to a certain way of doing things, it usually is very hard to make them change and embrace a new way of doing the same thing (Marquis 158). People tend to question the importance or relevance of the new